Iinsulatorslulawulo olukhethekileyo lokugquma olunokuthi ludlale indima ebalulekileyo kwiintambo zothumelo ezingaphezulu.Kwiminyaka yokuqala, ii-insulators zazisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiipali zoncedo, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe zaphuhliswa zaba ziinqaba zoqhagamshelo locingo olunombane ophezulu apho uninzi lwe-disc-shaped insulators lwaluxhonywe kwelinye icala.Yayisetyenziselwa ukunyusa umgama we-creepage, ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngeglasi okanye i-ceramics, kwaye yayibizwa ngokuba yi-insulator.I-insulators idlala iindima ezimbini ezisisiseko kwimigca yokuhambisa ngaphezulu, oko kukuthi iingcingo ezixhasayo kunye nokuthintela umsinga ukuba ubuyele emhlabeni.Le misebenzi mibini kufuneka iqinisekiswe.I-insulators akufanele iphumelele ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo lwe-electromechanical olubangelwa utshintsho kwindalo kunye neemeko zomthwalo wombane.Ngaphandle koko, i-insulator ayiyi kudlala indima ebalulekileyo, kwaye iya kulimaza ubomi benkonzo kunye nobomi bokusebenza bomgca wonke.
Isigquduli: Yinto elungisa kwaye imise ucingo kwinqaba ngendlela egqunyiweyo.Izithinteli ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintambo zothumelo lwamandla zezi: izitshizi zeporcelain ezimilise okwediskhi, izigqumatheli zeglasi ezimile okwediskhi,
Ukumiswa kwentongaii-insulators ezidibeneyo.(1) Ii-insulators zebhotile ye-porcelain: i-porcelain insulators yasekhaya inezinga eliphezulu lokuwohloka, kufuneka ibone ixabiso le-zero, kwaye inomsebenzi omkhulu wokulondoloza.
Xa kukho ukubetha kombane kunye nokuvutha kongcoliseko, iingozi zentambo zivame ukwenzeka, kwaye ziye zapheliswa ngokuthe ngcembe.(2) Isigqubuthelo seglasi: Inoziro ozidubulayo, kodwa izinga lokuziqhushumba lisezantsi kakhulu (ngokukodwa kwishumi lamawaka ambalwa).Akukho luhlolo lufunekayo kulondolozo.Kwimeko yokuqhuma kwe-self-explosion of the tempered glass parts, amandla omatshini aseleyo aya kufikelela ngaphezu kwe-80% yamandla okuqhawula, angakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo komgca.Akusayi kubakho zingozi ezithontsizayo xa kukho ukubetha kombane kunye nokudanyaza kongcoliseko.Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezingcolisekileyo zeClass I kunye neClass II.(3) I-insulator ehlanganisiweyo: Inenzuzo yokusebenza kakuhle kwe-flashover echasene nokungcola, ubunzima bokukhanya, amandla aphezulu omatshini, kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci, kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo zokungcola kwinqanaba le-III nangaphezulu.
I-porcelain insulators: I-insulators ziyaziwa ngokuba ziibhotile ze-porcelain, ezisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa iingcingo.I-insulators inokuqinisekisa ukugquma okwaneleyo kubaqhubi, iingalo ezinqamlezayo kunye neenqaba.Kufuneka ikwazi ukumelana nomthwalo kwicala elithe nkqo locingo kunye noxinzelelo kwicala elithe tye ngexesha lokusebenza.Ikwamelana nelanga, imvula, ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokonakala kwemichiza.Ke ngoko, ii-insulators kufuneka zibe neempawu ezilungileyo zombane kunye namandla aneleyo omatshini.Umgangatho we-insulator ubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okukhuselekileyo komgca.Ii-insulators zinokwahlulwa zibe zi-insulators ezixhasayo, i-suspension insulators, i-anti-pollution insulators kunye ne-bushing insulators ngokwesakhiwo sabo.Ngokwenjongo, inokuthi ihlulwe ngokubanzi ibe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-insulators yomgca, i-substation support insulators kunye ne-bushings.Ngokwezinto eziphathekayo ze-insulator.Okwangoku kukho i-porcelain, iglasi kunye ne-organic composite insulators.Izigqumatheli ezisetyenziswa kwimigca engaphezulu zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo izitshizi zephini, i-butterfly insulators, i-suspension insulators, i-porcelain cross-arms, i-insulators intonga kunye ne-tension insulators.Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeempazamo zombane kwii-insulators: i-flashover kunye nokuphuka.I-Flashover ivela kumphezulu we-insulator, kwaye iimpawu zokutshisa zingabonwa, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukusebenza kwe-insulation akulahlekanga;ukuphuka kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-insulator, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwenzeka ngomzimba we-ceramic phakathi kwentsimbi yentsimbi kunye nonyawo lwentsimbi.I-insulators inokutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo nge-arcing.Ukuqhekeka, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekujongeni imikhondo yokukhutshwa kunye nokutshiswa kweenyawo zentsimbi.Ukuze kuthintelwe ukungcola okufana nothuli oludadayo ukuba lunganamatheli kumphezulu we-insulator, kuye kwenziwe indlela eyaphulwa ngamandla ombane kwiziphelo zozibini zesigqubuthelo, oko kukuthi, i-creepage.Ngoko ke, umgama ongaphezulu unyusiwe, oko kukuthi, umgama we-creepage, kunye nomgama okhutshiweyo kunye nomgangatho wokukhusela, oko kukuthi, umgama wokuvuza, ubizwa ngokuba ngumgama we-creepage.
Umgama weCreepage=umgama ongaphezulu/ubona mandla ombane aphezulu kwisixokelelwano.Ngokweqondo lokungcoliseka kwendalo, umgama we-creepage jikelele uyi-31 mm/ngekhilovolti nganye kwiindawo ezingcoliseke kakhulu.I-voltage inokugwetywa ngokuthe ngqo ngokwenani le-insulators, ngokubanzi, i-23 ye-500kv;I-16 ye-330kv;220kv 9;110kv 5;eli lelona nani lisezantsi, kwaye kuzakubakho omnye okanye ababini ngaphezulu.Umzila wothumelo we-500kv ngokusisiseko usebenzisa iikhondaktha ezine-split, oko kukuthi, kukho ezine kwisigaba esinye, i-220kv isebenzisa iikhondatha ezingaphezulu kwezahlulo ezimbini, kwaye i-110kv isebenzisa enye ngaphezulu.Malunga ne-insulator eyi-1 yi-6-10KV, ii-insulators ezi-3 ziyi-35KV, imigca ye-60KV ayikho ngaphantsi kwamaqhekeza ama-5, i-insulators ezi-7 ziyi-110KV, i-insulators eyi-11 yi-220KV, i-16 insulators yi-330KV;I-insulators ezingama-28 ngokuqinisekileyo ziyi-500KV.Kwii-insulators ze-pin ngaphantsi kwe-35KV, akukho mahluko kwinani lamaqhekeza.Imigca engaphezulu ye-10KV idla ngokusebenzisa i-10-12m yeepali zesamente enye kunye nezithinteli zokuhombisa.Umgama womgca othe ngqo phakathi kwezibonda umalunga ne-70-80m.Akukho isakhelo sentsimbi ye-10KV, isibonda nje esinemigca emithathu ephezulu yombane.Ixhaphakile kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni;Imigca engaphezulu kwe-35KV ivame ukusebenzisa i-15-meter eyodwa okanye iipali zesamente ezimbini (kwakhona sebenzisa inani elincinci leenqaba zentsimbi ezincinci, ukuphakama kungaphakathi kwe-15-20 yeemitha) kunye ne-2-3 iziqwenga ze-butterfly insulators, umgca othe tye phakathi kweepali. malunga neemitha ezili-120;I-220KV ngokuqinisekileyo yinqaba enkulu yentsimbi.Imigca engaphezulu ye-220KV idla ngokusebenzisa iinqaba zentsimbi ezingaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-30 kunye neentambo ezinde ze-butterfly insulators.Umgama womgca othe ngqo phakathi kweenqaba zentsimbi ungaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-200.Ii-insulators ezihlanganisiweyo: Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo yamandla kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kokunikezelwa kombane luphawu olubalulekileyo lovavanyo lweenkampani zamandla, kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo kwezixhobo eziphezulu zobugcisa yindlela efanelekileyo yokusombulula le ngxaki.Njengemveliso entsha, i-silicone ye-rubber composite insulator ineenzuzo zobunzima bokukhanya, ubungakanani obuncinci, i-anti-flashover, ukumelana nokuguga, ukugcinwa kwamahhala kunye nokugcinwa kwamahhala, kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimigca ye-35kV kunye ne-110kV.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-30-2023