Ukuqonda iBasalt Fibers PartⅠ

Ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali ze-basalt
Kuyaziwa ukuba uqweqwe loMhlaba lwenziwe ngamatye anqabileyo, antlenge kunye ne-metamorphic.I-Basalt luhlobo lwelitye elivuthayo.Amatye e-Igneous ngamatye avela xa i-magma iqhuma ngaphantsi komhlaba kwaye ijiyile phezu komhlaba.Amatye e-Igneous aqulethe ngaphezu kwe-65% yeSiO₂ngamatye aneasidi, njengegranite, kwaye ezo ziqulathe ngaphantsi kwe-52% S0 zibizwa ngokuba ngamatye asisiseko, njengebasalt.Phakathi kwezi zimbini kukho amatye angathathi hlangothi afana ne-andesite.Phakathi kwamacandelo e-basalt, umxholo weSiO₂ikakhulu phakathi 44% -52%, umxholo Al₂O₃iphakathi kwe-12% -18%, kunye nomxholo we-Fe0 kunye ne-Fe₂0₃iphakathi kwe-9% -14%.
I-Basalt yimathiriyeli ekrwada yeminerali enobushushu obunyibilikayo obungaphezulu kwe-1500 ℃.Isiqulatho se-iron esiphezulu senza i-fiber bronze, kwaye iqulethe i-K₂O, MgO kunye neTiO₂ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukungangeni kwamanzi kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-corrosion yefiber.
Intsimbi ye-Basalt yeye-volcanic magma ore, enozinzo lwendalo lwekhemikhali.I-Basalt ore yimathiriyeli ekrwada yecandelo elinye lokutyebisa, ukunyibilika kunye nomgangatho ofanayo.Ngokungafaniyo nokuveliswa kwefiber yeglasi, ukuveliswa kwe-basalt fiber izinto eziluhlaza ziyindalo kwaye zenziwe zilungele.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umsebenzi omningi wophando uye wenziwa ukukhangela i-ores efanelekileyo ukuveliswa kwezinto eziqhubekayo ze-basalt fiber, ngakumbi ukuveliswa kwe-basalt fibers kunye neempawu ezimiselweyo (ezifana namandla omatshini, ukuqina kweekhemikhali kunye nokuqina kwe-thermal, ukugquma kombane; njl.njl.), intsimbi ekrwada ethile kufuneka isetyenziswe Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye neempawu zokwenza ifayibha.Umzekelo: uluhlu lweekhemikhali ze-ore ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-basalt fiber eqhubekayo iboniswe kwitheyibhile.

Indalo inikeze ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphambili kwe-basalt ore.Ngaphantsi kweemeko zendalo, i-basalt ore iyancipha, i-homogenization yamacandelo amachiza kunye nokunyibilika kwindawo enzulu yomhlaba.Nkqu nendalo icinga ukutyhala intsimbi ye-basalt kumphezulu womhlaba ngendlela yeentaba ukuze isetyenziswe ngabantu.Ngokwezibalo, malunga ne-1/3 yeentaba zenziwe nge-basalt.
Ngokutsho kwedatha yokuhlalutya yokwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-basalt ore, izinto ezibonakalayo ze-basalt ziphantse kulo lonke ilizwe, kwaye ixabiso liyi-20 yuan / toni, kwaye iindleko zezinto eziluhlaza zinganakwa kwiindleko zokuvelisa i-basalt fiber.Kukho iindawo zemigodi ezifanelekileyo kwimveliso ye-basalt eqhubekayo kumaphondo amaninzi e-China, njengalezi: ezine, i-Heilongjiang, i-Yunnan, i-Zhejiang, i-Hubei, i-Hainan Island, i-Taiwan kunye namanye amaphondo, ezinye zazo ziye zavelisa i-basalt fiber eqhubekayo kwizixhobo zokuvavanya zoshishino.I-basalt ore yaseTshayina yahlukile kwi-ores yaseYurophu.Ukusuka kwimbono ye-geological, i-basalt ores yaseTshayina "incinci", kwaye ayinayo iimpawu ezihluke kakhulu, oko kukuthi, kuthiwa yi-original ore scars.Ngokuhlalutya amaphondo aseTshayina afana neSichuan, iHeilongjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, kunye neHubei, uphononongo lwe-basalt ores phakathi nendawo esezantsi yoMlambo iYangtze, iHainan kunye neminye imimandla ibonisa ukuba akukho litye lasekuqaleni kula ma-basalt ores. , kwaye kukho iileya zentsimbi ezimthubi kuphela ezibhityileyo kumphezulu.Oku kunenzuzo kakhulu kwimveliso ye-basalt fiber eqhubekayo, kunye nexabiso lezinto ezibonakalayo kunye neendleko zokucubungula ziphantsi.
I-Basalt yi-silicate ye-inorganic.Iye yatshiswa kwiintaba-mlilo nakwiziko, ukusuka kumatye aqinileyo ukuya kwimicu ethambileyo, izikali ezilula, kunye nemivalo eyomeleleyo.Izinto eziphathekayo zinokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu (> 880C) kunye nokumelana nokushisa okuphantsi (<-200C) , i-conductivity ephantsi ye-thermal (ubushushu bokufudumala), ukugquma isandi, i-flame retardant, i-insulation, i-absorption ephantsi yomswakama, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuxhathisa kwi-radiation, amandla aphezulu okuqhawula, Ubude obuphantsi, imodulus elastiki ephezulu, ubunzima obulula kunye nokunye ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo, Yinto entsha ngokupheleleyo: ayivelisi izinto eziyityhefu kwinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa kunye nenkqubo yokucubungula, kwaye ayinayo inkunkuma yegesi, inkunkuma yamanzi kunye nenkunkuma. ukukhutshwa kwentsalela, ngoko kubizwa ngokuba lungcoliseko-lungenangcoliseko “izinto eziluhlaza ezikwimizi-mveliso nezinto ezintsha” kwinkulungwane yama-21.
Xa kuthelekiswa nefiber yeglasi, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo, ishishini lemichiza kunye namanye amashishini, kuyacaca ukuba ifayibha ye-basalt kunye nezixhobo zayo ezidibeneyo zinamandla amakhulu omatshini, iipropati ezintle zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iimveliso eziphezulu.Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto, ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwezi zibini kuthelekiseka.Ezinye iipropati ze-basalt fiber zingcono kune-carbon fiber, kwaye iindleko zayo zingaphantsi kweyeshumi ye-carbon fiber ngokwexabiso lemarike yangoku.Ngoko ke, i-basalt fiber yifayibha entsha enexabiso eliphantsi, ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokucoceka okufanelekileyo emva kwe-carbon fiber, i-aramid fiber kunye ne-polyethylene fiber.IUnited States yaseTexas Basalt Continuous Fiber Industry Alliance yabonisa: “Ifayibha ye-Basalt eqhubekayo ithatha indawo ye-carbon fiber enexabiso eliphantsi kwaye inothotho lweempawu ezibalaseleyo.Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba ithathwe kwi-ore yendalo ngaphandle kwazo naziphi na izongezo, yiyona kuphela ungcoliseko olungelulo lwendalo kwaye lungenabungozi.Iimveliso zegilasi eziluhlaza kunye nezempilo zinemfuno yentengiso ebanzi kunye nesicelo sangaphambili ”
I-Basalt ore ifakwe kumphezulu womhlaba kwizigidi zeminyaka kwaye ixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zemozulu.I-Basalt ore yenye yezona zinto zinamandla ze-silicate.Iifiber ezenziwe nge-basalt zinamandla endalo kunye nokuzinza ngokuchasene neendaba ezitshabalalisayo.Ukuqina, ukufakwa kombane, i-basalt ore yinto ecocekileyo yendalo kunye nendalo ecocekileyo.